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Showing posts with label Tricks. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Tricks. Show all posts

Friday, 1 September 2017

How to make real time table for study

September 01, 2017 0

How to make real time table for study:

Well. you all are struggling for the one and only dream i.e How can you crack medical Entrance. How should you study, how much time should you devote for it. Which time is more effective whether day or night? So many questions going hectic inside your head. So here I am going to discuss about this burning issue.



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      Many of you might have asked somebody about the time or schedule for your study. You might have asked your teacher, your mentor, toppers, YouTuber or seniors, and wasting your valuable time looking for the same. How time passes you are not aware of that. It is normal thing that everyone has given you the different solution, different method as per their convenient. My dear brother and sister, every one of us has the different mindset, different capability, and different comfort zone. Whatever comfort zone anyone else has, it might not there in you. Suppose a student likes to read/study during night time, and you might have interest to read on day time, your brain may work during day time, it may capture more during day time. A student may concentrate anytime, he may likes to study in his smart phone, laptop , but you may study only in hard copy, may be you are comfortable with that. Then why are you wondering about?? Why are you looking for the solution by roaming around?? Why are you going to suffer giving your key of life to others hand?? Brother and Sister, Your key of life should always be with you, your life should be driven only by you. Yes, you may take motivation, advice or idea. But you should not completely depend on that person and their habit. If a student is got selected studying only 4 hours a day, that might not work on you. You might not able to capture enough within that much time. Then why??Why I am saying like this because I have seen many student they ask me that please prepare a study Schedule for me, brother how much time should I study to crack NEET, brother how much time you devoted during your time, how much time you utilized during your +2? And so on.  So I would like to inform you the most important point, I am sure, 100% sure that it works on everyone, first know yourself. How much capability you have, how often you forget, how faster you can learn, how faster you can understand a concept, how faster you can solve a problem, how long your concept remains in your brain. If you can analyze you yourself, In shaa Allah you can succeed in your life easily. According to your capability you schedule your time yourself. because you know the availability of your time,  capability of your mind, specific time of your mind, then schedule also should be prepared by yourself. A study schedule is effective only when you prepare yourself honestly and practically. Here I have mentioned practically because, this is not what you imagine, it is that schedule what is really going on your daily life. This is not like other people, this is like you, that you are going to build what you desire and on the basis what you have. Schedule your study hour on that time when you are very active, when your brain is interested to capture, when you feel very fresh. Because, without your interest you cannot concentrate on your study as a result your study won't be effective. So try to recognize your effective time. Whenever you think that your brain wants to study or you feel like to study then go and sit for it. Because active mind is necessary for learning. Don't just blindly count your time and fixed for study, like 16 hr, 18 hr.. First you see whether you can maintain upto that much or not. Because counting the total hour doesn't means that you achieved great thing. You should count your knowledge how much you gained. Hope you understood what I am trying to say. Stay focussed on your concept how much you are gaining.  Finally I would like to say that Making schedule doesn't confirm your success, but how are you following that schedule that matters. Your regularity matters.

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Wednesday, 16 August 2017

Tricks to remember cranial nerve

August 16, 2017 0
  First know about the cranial nerve:

            Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves . 10 of 12 of the cranial nerves originate in the brainstem. Cranial nerves relay information between the brain and parts of the body, primarily to and from regions of the head and neck. Spinal nerves emerge sequentially from the spinal cord with the spinal nerve closest to the head  emerging in the space above the first cervical vertebra. The cranial nerves, however, emerge from the central nervous system above this level. Each cranial nerve is paired and is present on both sides. Depending on definition in humans there are twelve or thirteen cranial nerves pairs, which are assigned Roman numerals I–XII, sometimes also including cranial nerve zero. The numbering of the cranial nerves is based on the order in which they emerge from the brain, front to back .


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Anatomy  

        Most typically, humans are considered to have twelve pairs of cranial nerves . They are: the olfactory nerve, the optic nerve, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, trigeminal nerve, abducens nerve, facial nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve, and hypoglossal nerve ., which is very small and may or may not be functional in humans and the vagus nerve  is named for its wandering course . Cranial nerves are numbered based on their rostral-caudal  position, Cranial nerves have paths within and outside of the skull. The paths within the skull are called "intracranial" and the paths outside the skull are called "extracranial". There are many holes in the skull called "foramina" by which the nerves can exit the skull. All cranial nerves are paired, which means that they occur on both the right and left sides of the body. The muscle, skin, or additional function supplied by a nerve on the same side of the body as the side it originates from, is referred to an ipsilateral function. If the function is on the opposite side to the origin of the nerve, this is known as a contralateral function.

 Intracranial course  

  Nuclei :    

The cell bodies of many of the neurons of most of the cranial nerves are contained in one or more nuclei in the brainstem. These nuclei are important relative to cranial nerve dysfunction because damage to these nuclei such as from a stroke or trauma can mimic damage to one or more branches of a cranial nerve. In terms of specific cranial nerve nuclei, the midbrain of the brainstem has the nuclei of the oculomotor nerve  and trochlear nerve ; the pons has the nuclei of the trigeminal nerve, abducens nerve, facial nerve  and vestibulocochlear nerve ; and the medulla has the nuclei of the glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve  and hypoglossal nerve . The fibers of these cranial nerves exit the brainstem from these nuclei. The vagus nerve  provides sensory and autonomic  motor innervation to structures in the neck and also to most of the organs in the chest and abdomen.

 Vision :   

The optic nerve  transmits visual information. Lesions may also lead to inability to open the eye due to paralysis of the levator palpebrae muscle. Individuals suffering from a lesion to the oculomotor nerve may compensate by tilting their heads to alleviate symptoms due to paralysis of one or more of the eye muscles it controls. and trigeminal zoster. 

Facial expression:   

  Lesions of the facial nerve  may manifest as facial palsy. This is where a person is unable to move the muscles on one or both sides of their face. A very common and generally temporary facial palsy is known as Bell's palsy. Bell's Palsy is the result of an idiopathic, unilateral lower motor neuron lesion of the facial nerve and is characterized by an inability to move the ipsilateral muscles of facial expression, including elevation of the eyebrow and furrowing of the forehead. Patients with Bell's palsy often have a drooping mouth on the affected side and often have trouble chewing because the buccinator muscle is affected. The glossopharyngeal nerve also provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland. 

Vagus nerve :  

  Loss of function of the vagus nerve  will lead to a loss of parasympathetic innervation to a very large number of structures. Major effects of damage to the vagus nerve may include a rise in blood pressure and heart rate. Isolated dysfunction of only the vagus nerve is rare, but can be diagnosed by a hoarse voice, due to dysfunction of one of its branches, the recurrent laryngeal nerve.  A cranial nerve exam begins with observation of the patient because some cranial nerve lesions may affect the symmetry of the eyes or face. The visual fields are tested for nerve lesions or nystagmus via an analysis of specific eye movements. The sensation of the face is tested, and patients are asked to perform different facial movements, such as puffing out of the cheeks. Hearing is checked by voice and tuning forks. The position of the patient's uvula is examined because asymmetry in the position could indicate a lesion of the glossopharyngeal nerve. After the ability of the patient to use their shoulder to assess the accessory nerve, and the patient's tongue function is assessed by observing various tongue movements. A loss of functionality of a single cranial nerve may sometimes be the first symptom of an intracranial or skull base cancer. An increase in intracranial pressure may lead to impairment of the optic nerves  due to compression of the surrounding veins and capillaries, causing swelling of the eyeball . A cancer, such as an optic glioma, may also impact the optic nerve . A pituitary tumour may compress the optic tracts or the optic chiasm of the optic nerve, leading to visual field loss. A pituitary tumour may also extend into the cavernous sinus, compressing the oculuomotor nerve, trochlear nerve  and abducens nerve, leading to double-vision and strabismus. These nerves may also be affected by herniation of the temporal lobes of the brain through the falx cerebri. 

Inflammation :  

  Inflammation resulting from infection may impair the function of any of the cranial nerves. Inflammation of the facial nerve  may result in Bell's palsy. Multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory process that may produce a loss of the myelin sheathes which surround the cranial nerves, may cause a variety of shifting symptoms affecting multiple cranial nerves. Much later, in 1664, English anatomist Sir Thomas Willis suggested that there were actually 9 pairs of nerves. Finally, in 1778, German anatomist Samuel Soemmering named the 12 pairs of nerves that are generally accepted today. 

Other animals:  

 Cranial nerves are also present in other vertebrates. Other amniotes  have cranial nerves similar to those of humans. In anamniotes, the accessory nerve  and hypoglossal nerve  do not exist, with the accessory nerve  being an integral part of the vagus nerve ; the hypoglossal nerve  is represented by a variable number of spinal nerves emerging from vertebral segments fused into the occiput. These two nerves only became discrete nerves in the ancestors of amniotes . 



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